Application
For all sentences Fact and State_of_affairs,
There are terms condition and conclusion, such that Applies(rule(condition, conclusion), fact, state_of_affairs) is true if and only if Reason(fact, state_of_affairs) is true.
If and only if a rule applies, the fact that makes the rule applicable is a reason for the rule’s (instantiated) conclusion, or, equivalently, a reason against the opposite of the rule’s conclusion.