Basis: classical logic
Not
For all sentences State_of_affairs,
Either State_of_affairs is true or ?State_of_affairs is true.
And
For all sentences State_of_affairs1 and State_of_affairs2,
State_of_affairs1 is true and State_of_affairs2 is true if and only if State_of_affairs1 ? State_of_affairs2 is true.