Justification
1. If a statement is of assumption-type, it is justified.
2. If a statement is of issue-type, it is
a. justified in case there is a justified reason for the statement, and there is no justified exception that blocks the connection between them.
b. unjustified in case there is a justified reason for the statement, and there is a justified exception that blocks the connection between any such reason and the statement.
c. neither justified nor unjustified in case there is no justified reason for it.